Dr Ingvild Bode is Associate Professor at the Centre for War Studies, University of Southern Denmark. She is the Principal Investigator of the European Research Council-funded project AutoNorms: Weaponised Artificial Intelligence, Norms, and Order (08/2020-07/2025). The AutoNorms project investigates how practices related to autonomous weapon systems change international norms. AutoNorms examines military, transnational, political and dual-use practices in China, Japan, Russia, and the USA. Ingvild serves as the co-chair of the IEEE Research Group on Issues of Autonomy and AI for Defence Systems. Previously, Ingvild was Senior Lecturer in International Relations at the University of Kent, Canterbury (2015-2020) and a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science International Research Fellow with joined affiliation at United Nations University and the University of Tokyo (2013-2015).
Ingvild’s research theorises at the intersection of practice theories, Science and Technology Studies (STS), and critical security studies to analyse processes of normative change, especially with regard to Artificial Intelligence technologies and the use of force. Her most recent book entitled Autonomous Weapons and International Norms (co-authored with Hendrik Huelss) was published by McGill-Queen’s University Press in 2022.
Ingvild’s work has been published in journals such as Contemporary Security Policy, Ethics and Information Technology, European Journal of International Relations, Global Governance, Review of International Studies, International Studies Review and many others.
Selected Publications
Journal articles
Ingvild Bode, Hendrik Huelss, Anna Nadibaidze, Guangyu Qiao-Franco & Tom Watts. (2023). “Algorithmic Warfare: Taking Stock of a Research Programme”. Global Society. Online first. Link.
Ingvild Bode. (2023). “Contesting Use-of-Force Norms through Technological Practices”. Part of Special Issue on Norm Contestation in International Peace and Security Law (edited by Max Lesch & Christian Marxsen). Heidelberg Journal of International Law 83(1), 39-64. Link.
Ingvild Bode. (2023). “Practice-based and Public-deliberative Normativity: Retaining Human Control over the Use of Force”. European Journal of International Relations. Online first. Link.
Ingvild Bode, Hendrik Huelss, Anna Nadibaidze, Guangyu Qiao-Franco & Tom Watts. (2023). “Prospects for the Global Governance of Autonomous Weapons: Comparing Chinese, Russian, and US Practices”. Ethics and Information Technology 25(5). Link.
Ingvild Bode & Hendrik Huelss. (2023). “Constructing expertise: the front- and back-door regulation of AI’s military applications in the European Union”. Part of Special Issue on the Regulatory Security State in Europe (edited by Andreas Kruck & Moritz Weiss). Journal of European Public Policy 30(7), 1230-1254. Link.
Guangyu Qiao-Franco & Ingvild Bode. (2023). “Weaponised Artificial Intelligence and Chinese Practices of Human-Machine Interaction”. Chinese Journal of International Politics. Link
Ingvild Bode. (2019). “Norm-making and the Global South: Attempts to Regulate Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems.” Global Policy 10 (3), 359-364. Link
Ingvild Bode and Hendrik Huelss. (2018). “Autonomous Weapons Systems and Changing Norms”. Review of International Studies 44 (3), 393-413. Link
Books
Ingvild Bode & Hendrik Huelss. (2022). Autonomous Weapons and International Norms (Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press).
Aiden Warren and Ingvild Bode. 2014. Governing the Use-of-Force in International Relations: The Post-9/11 US Challenge to International Law. (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan). [peer-reviewed] Share: 40%.
Policy reports
Ingvild Bode & Tom Watts. (2023). Loitering Munitions and Unpredictability: New Challenges to Human Control. Centre for War Studies. Link.
Ingvild Bode & Tom Watts. (2021). Meaningless Human Control: Lessons from Air Defence Systems for the Debate on Autonomous Weapons. Center for War Studies & Drone Wars UK. Link.